Association of hyperglycaemia at-admission & diabetes mellitus with 28 day mortality in patients admitted with moderate-severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: A retrospective study

Background & objectives: The association between hyperglycaemia at admission, diabetes mellitus (DM) status and mortality in hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 infected patients is not clear. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between DM, at-admission hyperglycaemia and 28 day mortality in patients admitted with moderate-severe SARS-CoV-2 infection requiring intensive care. Methods: All consecutive moderate-to-severe patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) over six months were enrolled in this single-centre, retrospective study. The predicators for 28 day mortality were analysed from the independent variables including DM status and hyperglycaemia at-admission. Results: Four hundred and fifty two patients with SARS-CoV-2 were admitted to the ICU, with a mean age of 58.5±13.4 yr, 78.5 per cent being male, HbA1c of 7.2 per cent (6.3-8.8) and 63.7 per cent having DM. Overall, 28 day mortality was 48.9 per cent. In univariate analysis, mortality in diabetes patients was comparable with non-diabetes (47.9 vs. 50.6%, P=0.58), while it was significantly higher in hyperglycaemic group (60.4 vs. 35.8%, P<0.001). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, after adjusting for age, sex and comorbidities, hyperglycaemia at-admission was an independent risk factor of mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.06-1.99), P<0.05]. Interpretation & conclusions: This study showed that the presence of hyperglycaemia at-admission in critically ill SARS-CoV-2 patients was an independent predictor of 28 day mortality. However, the findings may be susceptible to unmeasured confounding, and more research from prospective studies is required.

Primary broad ligament adenocarcinoma

Primary broad ligament carcinoma is a very rare occurrence with 28 reported cases worldwide, to date. The epidemiology, treatment strategy and prognosis are still uncertain because of the scarcity of cases. Currently, all broad ligament carcinomas are managed similar to epithelial ovarian cancer. We report the case of a 43-year-old female with a prolonged complaint of abdominal pain and intermittent urinary retention, requiring frequent catheterization. She was diagnosed with obstructive right hydroureteronephrosis. The abdominal Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) revealed a well-defined heterogeneous lesion of 2.1х3х3.2cm size in the right lateral and posterior wall of the cervix. An ultrasound (USG)-guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) of the mass was done and it was suspected to be malignant. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, right salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic lymph-nodal sampling, and peritoneal washing. Histological examination depicted an endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the broad ligament. She received adjuvant chemotherapy, followed by hormonal therapy. It has been five years since her surgery, and she is now alive and disease free.

Essential Oils Of Aerial Parts Of Anaphalis Margaritacea (L.) Benth., Salvia Leucantha Cav. And Thymus Linearis Benth. From Uttarakhand Himalaya: Chemical Constituents And Antibacterial Activity

The components present in the essential oils extracted from Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth., Salvia leucantha Cav. and Thymus linearis Benth. were identified by GC and GC/MS analysis. The main compounds present in the oils were aromadendrene (20.0%) in S. leucantha, Phellandrene (12.5%), α-thujene (12.0%) in A. margaritacea and thymol (50.0%) in T. linearis. The antibacterial activity of all the three oils against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and S. typhi, has been studied. In the antibacterial activity S. typhi is the most resistant bacteria to all the tested oils whereas essential oil of T. linearis showed highest antibactericidal activity against S. aureus in diffusion method.

Character Association and Path Analysis for Yield and Yield Attributes in Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.).

Character association and path analysis between yield and its contributing traits were studied in 71 genotypes (15 parents, 54 hybrids and two checks) of sunflower. Analysis of variance revealed that existence of significant differences among genotypes for all the characters studied. Seed yield was significant positively correlated with number of filled seeds per head, head diameter, hundred seed weight, seed filling per cent and plant height. Path coefficient analysis indicated that highest direct effects on seed yield were observed in the traits, number of filled seeds per head and hundred seed weight and hence emphasis can be laid out on these traits during selection for further improvement in seed yield in sunflower.

Subperiodic, asymptomatic microfilaremia in an adult male from Mysore: a nonendemic area.

Wuchereria bancrofti is found throughout tropics and subtropics like Asia, Pacific islands, Africa, areas of South America and Caribbean basin. In all these areas, except Pacific islands, microfilaria occurs in the periodic form, in which case the microfilaria are found in large numbers in the peripheral blood during night. In the Pacific islands, they occur in the subperiodic form, i.e., microfilaria are present in the peripheral blood at all times and reach the maximum level of parasitemia in the afternoon. Microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi occurring in India displays a nocturnal periodicity, appearing in large numbers at night. This is the biological adaptation to the nocturnal biting habits of the vector mosquitoes. The maximum density in blood is reported between 10 PM and 2 AM. Here is a case report of asymptomatic microfilaremia showing subperiodicity, which is very unusual in India.

Association-dissociation of glycinin in urea, guanidine hydrochloride and sodium dodecyl sulphate solutions.

The effect of urea, guanidine hydrochloride and sodium dodecyl sulphate on glycinin, the high molecular weight protein fraction from soybean has been investigated by analytical ultracentrifugation. Urea and guanidine hydrochloride dissociate the protein to a '2S' protein through the intermediary 7S and 4S proteins. However, in sodium dodecyl sulphate the protein directly dissociates to a 2S protein. Analysis of the data by calculation of per cent fraction and S20,w value indicates that dissociation and denaturation of glycinin occur simultaneously in the presence of the above reagents but to different extents.